A multiple choice question that asks students to decide which significance test is appropriate (the correct answer doesn’t have to be a chi-square test!).

A multiple choice question where students have to identify the correct null hypothesis for a chi-square test (pick one of the three tests).

A multiple choice question which gives a two-way table and asks for a test statistic and P-value only (students should use their calculator for this.)

On the free response, you should have two questions. One question asking students to do a chi-square goodness of fit test, and one question asking students to do chi-square test with a two-way table (homogeneity or independence). Don’t give students a chi-square test with more than 6 components of the test statistic. Use old AP questions if possible.

Consider having a follow up question part (b) for each chi-square test. Here are some options for your follow-up question:

• What is the biggest reason for such a large chi-square test statistic? (Follow up analysis)

• Given your conclusion in part (a), which kind of mistake—a Type I error or a Type II error—could you have made? Explain what this mistake would mean in context.

• Why do we check the (random, 10%, Large Counts) condition?

• Ask students if the significance test reveals a causal relationship. If the data comes from an observational study, then we cannot infer causation.